![]() It is well-established that CKD is a state of elevated oxidative stress (OS). It is often associated with diabetes and hypertension and results in some complications including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), anemia, kidney disease progression, acute kidney injury, mineral and bone disorders, and cognitive decline ( Pendse and Singh, 2005 Jha et al., 2013 Hill et al., 2016). It is estimated that approximately 11–13% of the world's population suffers from CKD ( Hill et al., 2016). It is defined as an estimated or measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2, or the presence of kidney damage markers, or both, for at least 3 months ( Duann and Lin, 2017). This article aims to review the contribution of mtROS and OS to CKD progression and kidney function deterioration.Ĭhronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major and growing public health burden ( Bello et al., 2017). Since the kidney is a highly energetic organ, it is more vulnerable to damage caused by OS and thus its contribution to the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The imbalance between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production and removal due to overproduction of ROS and/or decreased antioxidants defense activity results in oxidative stress (OS), which leads to oxidative damage that affects several cellular components such as lipids, DNA, and proteins. Mitochondria are known to generate approximately 90% of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). 4Precision Medicine Center, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.3Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China. ![]() 2Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.1School of Life Sciences, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.Hasna Tirichen 1 Hasnaa Yaigoub 1 Weiwei Xu 2 Changxin Wu 1 Rongshan Li 2,3 Yafeng Li 3,4 * ![]()
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